Prosedur Pemasukan Benih Tumbuhan ke Indonesia

PROSEDUR TETAP TINDAKAN KARANTINA TUMBUHAN TERHADAP PEMASUKAN BENIH TUMBUHAN KEDALAM WILAYAH NEGARA REPUBLIK INDONESIA

1. Setiap benih tumbuhan yang dimasukan ke dalam wilayah negara Republik Indonesia wajib :

a. Dilengkapai sertifikat kesehatan tumbuhan (Phytosanitary Certificate) dari Negara Asal dan Negara Transit;
b. Disertai Surat Ijin Pemasukan (SIP) dari Menteri Pertanian atau pejabat yang ditunjuknya;
c. Melalui tempat-tempat pemasukan yang telah ditetapkan;
d. Dilaporkan dan diserahkan kepada petugas Karantina Tumbuhan setibanya di tempat pemasukan untuk keperluan tindakan Karantina Tumbuhan

2. Untuk penerbitan Surat Ijin Pemasukan (SIP) benih Tumbuhan, Menteri Pertanian atau Pejabat yang mengatasnamakannya akan memperhatikan persyaratan teknis karantina dan kelengkapan dokumen yang ditetapkan berdasarkan Analisis Resiko Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan (AROPT).

3. Analisis Resioko Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan dilaksanakan dengan berpedoman kepada standar internasional pengaturan Fitosanitari (International Standar for Phytosanitary Measures) yang diterbitkan oleh Sekretariat IPPC (International Plant Protection Convention).

4. Kajian analisis resiko organisme pengganggu tumbuhan meliputi :

a. Kajian awal tentang informasi pengelolaan sertifikasi benih dan sertifikasi kesehatan benih serta situasi organisme pengganggu tumbuhan karantina (OPTK) di Negara Asal;
b. Hasil kajian AROPT merupakan rekomendasi tentang persyaratan teknis yang dikenakan terhadap benih tumbuhan yang akan diimpor dan rekomendasi tersebut disampaikan kepada pejabat yang berwenang memberikan Surat Ijin Pemasukan (SIP).

5. Pemeriksaan Karantina di negara asal dilakukan berdasarkan pertimbangan kesulitan teknis dilakukannya tindakan karantina di tempat pemasukan dan/atau analisis resiko organisme pengganggu tumbuhan di negara asal yang merupakan daerah sebar organisme pengganggu tumbuhan karantina yang beresiko tinggi.

6. Pemeriksaan di negara asal dilakukan oleh petugas Karantina Tumbuhan dan petugas ahli lainnya yang diperlukan.

7. Apabila diperlukan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia dapat melakukan kerjasama bilateral dengan negara pengirim benih, melalui program klarifikasi (pre clearance program).

8. Pemasukan benih tumbuhan yang tidak memenuhi ketentuan dalam prosedur tetap ini ditolak pemasukannya ke dalam wilayah negara Republik Indonesia.

Sumber : Keputusan Kepala badan Karantina Pertanian Nomor : 152/Kpts/PD.540/L/8/03 tanggal 8 Agustus 2003

Prosedur Pemasukan Hasil Tumbuhan ke Indonesia

THE STANDARD PROCEDURES OF PLANT QUARANTINE MEASUREMENT FOR THE ENTRY OF PLANT PRODUCTS INTO THE TERRITORY OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA

1. Any importation of plant products is subject to the following conditions:
a. Importation must be made through designated points of entry;
b. Accompanied by Phytosanitary Certificate issued by the Plant Quarantine Service of the Country of Origin and Country/countries where the consignments are transit;
c. Notified and submitted to Plant Quarantine Inspectors upon arrival of the consignment for quarantine actions

2. Notwithstanding to general condition mentioned above, the importation of the particular plant products are subjected to specific condition based on the Pest Risk Analyzes (PRA).

3. The result of the PRA will determine the status of the introduction and technical requirements which will be needed to the importation of plant products.

4. The plant quarantine inspections in the country of origin (pre-shipment inspection system) will be held based on the technical difficulties of implementation of quarantine action in the entry points and/or the result of PRA shows that the country origin is determined as distribution area of harmful plant pests.

5. The plant quarantine inspections in the country of origin will be performed by the Indonesian Plant Quarantine Inspectors.

6. If needed, the Government of the Republic of Indonesia could make a bilateral cooperation with the exportation country through classified program (pre clearance program).

7. The importation of plant products which are not fullfiled the requirement of the standard procedure should be refused entry into the territory of the Republic of Indonesia.



PROSEDUR TETAP TINDAKAN KARANTINA TUMBUHAN TERHADAP PEMASUKAN HASIL TUMBUHAN DI DALAM WILAYAH NEGARA REPUBLIK INDONESIA

1.Setiap hasil tumbuhan yang dimasukan ke dalam wilayah negara Asal Republik Indonesia wajib :

a.Dilengkapi sertifikat kesehatan tumbuhan dari negara asal dan negara transit;
b.Melalui tempat-tempat pemasukan yang telah ditetapkan;
c.Dilaporkan dan diserahkan kepada petugas karantina tumbuhan setibanya di tempat pemasukan untuk keperluan tindakan karantina tumbuhan.

2.Dalam hal tertentu, terhadap pemasukan hasil tumbuhan ke dalam wilayah negara Republik Indonesia dapat dikenakan kewajiban tambahan berdasarkan analisis resiko organisme pengganggu tumbuhan.

3.Hasil analisis resiko organisme pengganggu tumbuhan akan menentukan status pemasukan dan persyaratan teknis yang diperlukan terhadap pemasukan hasil tumbuhan.

4.Pemeriksaan karantina di negara asal di lakukan berdasarkan pertimbangan kesulitan teknis dilakukannya tindakan karantina di tempat pemasukan dan/atau analisis resiko organisme pengganggu tumbuhan negara asal merupakan daerah sebar organisme pengganggu tumbuhan karantina (OPTK) yang beresiko tinggi.

5.Pemeriksaan di negara asal dilakukan oleh Petugas Karantina Tumbuhan.

6.Apabila diperlukan pemerintah Republik Indonesia dapat melakukan kerjasama bilateral dengan negara pengirim hasil tumbuhan, melalui program klarifikasi (pre clearance program)

7.Pemasukan hasil tumbuhan yang tidak memenuhi ketentuan dalam prosedur tetap ini ditolak pemasukannya ke dalam wilayah negara Republik Indonesia.

Sumber : Keputusan Kepala badan Karantina Pertanian Nomor : 152/Kpts/PD.540/L/8/03 tanggal 8 Agustus 2003.

Gleneagles-Dialogue on Climate Change, Clean Energy and Sustainable Development 4th Ministerial Meeting Chiba, JAPAN 14-16 March, 2008

Chairs’ Conclusions

The Ministerial Meeting of the Dialogue on Climate Change, Clean Energy and Sustainable Development was launched at G8 summit at Gleneagles 2005. The first meeting was held in London in Oct. and Nov. 2005, followed by the second meeting in Monterey in Oct. 2006 and the third meeting in Berlin in Sep. 2007.

During the past sessions of the Dialogue, the following general understandings had been shared, with the assistance of the inputs from the IEA and the World Bank;
• Both the development of new technologies and the deployment of existing technologies are equally important. Cooperation between developed and developing countries, and between public and private sectors is essential.
• Future investment is needed on a large scale. A wide range of policies should be implemented in a clear and predictable way in order to mobilize private investment.
• It is necessary to deal with sustainable development and climate change at the same time. Adaptation and reducing emissions from deforestation are also important.

It had been acknowledged that these discussions during the Dialogues in the past are useful inputs and complementary to the process under the UNFCCC for the post-2012 framework.

In order to wrap up these past 2-year discussions and prepare a report to the G8 Hokkaido Toyako Summit, the 4th meeting was held in Chiba from the 14th to the 16th of March 2008, and focused on the issues on Technology, Finance and Investments, and post-2012 framework.

This meeting was attended by ministers and senior officials responsible for energy and environment issues from G8, from Australia, Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Korea, Mexico, Nigeria, Poland, South Africa, Spain and Slovenia as current presidency of the EU. We were joined by senior officials from international organizations including the International Energy Agency, the World Bank, Regional Development Banks, and business groups from the World Business Council for Sustainable Development, Nippon Keidanren and the World Economic Forum, non-governmental organizations as well as legislators from the GLOBE.

Regarding the following issues discussed at this Dialogue,

Technology
[Energy Efficiency and Clean Energy]

Acknowledged the importance of improving energy efficiency, as one of the lowest cost and most effective means to immediately reduce GHG emissions, on a global scale including through cooperative sectoral approach, international partnership, and domestic actions for each country.

Highlighted the necessity of technology deployment and transfer to developing countries.

Acknowledged the importance of capacity building and discussed the role of IPR (Intellectual Property Rights).

Noted that countries which decided to choose the option for nuclear energy recognized the contribution of nuclear power to emission reduction while those which decided otherwise expressed their concern about security.

Noted the importance of renewable energy.

[Innovative Technology]

Exchanged information on international initiatives to develop innovative technologies.

Shared the necessity of expanding and strengthening international cooperation and sharing road maps on technology RD & D.

Emphasized the importance of CCS.

[Sectoral Approach]

Provided experiences based on sectoral approach (e.g., APP).

Discussed the effectiveness of sectoral approach and recognized the necessity to continue　further discussion in order to reach common understanding.

Emphasized the principle of common but differentiated responsibility and respective capability in the context of sectoral approach.

[The Role of the IEA]

Appreciate the work of IEA and pointed out challenges to be addressed (including data collection and the future role of IEA).

[Activities by Private Sector]

Appreciated business initiatives for implementation of sector-based activities (including data collection).

Finance
[International Financial Mechanism for Mitigation and Adaptation]

Appreciated the work of the World Bank and Regional Development Banks under the framework for clean energy and development and encouraged them to continue and enhanced these efforts.

Appreciated the initiatives by Japan, UK and US to create a new multilateral fund for climate change in collaboration with the World Bank.

Exchanged views on governance of international funding arrangements.

Acknowledged to coordinate various existing and new funds in order to avoid duplication.

Recognized the need to prioritize financial support for adaptation to the most vulnerable countries such as Least Developed Countries and Small Islands Developing States.

Noted the importance of exploring innovative financial mechanisms.

Noted a Multinational Fund for Climate Change to support mitigation and adaptation activities proposed by Mexico.

Noted the necessity of scaling up CDM while recognizing the need for improvement.

Acknowledged the importance of mainstreaming mitigation and adaptation into development policy.

Recognized the importance of maximizing co-benefits (e.g. air pollution reduction) in financial assistance.

Reaffirmed the necessity to give appropriate incentives for preventing deforestation and forest degradation.

[Mobilization of Private Investment]

Recognized the importance of mobilization of private investment and the role of governments to remove the obstacles for investment.

Discussed the relationship between carbon markets and private investments.

Post-2012 Framework

[Long-term Goal]

Acknowledged the importance of sharing a long-term goal.

Shared the common understanding of the necessity to move toward sustainable low-carbon societies.

Pointed out the necessity to identify a long-term policy which functions as a reliable and clear signal to the private sector.

[Mid-term Goal]

Reaffirmed the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities as a premise of the discussion.

Noted the necessity to take into consideration the change of global situation from 1992 to 2008.

Recognized to necessity to ensure equity to realize sustainable development and effective emission reduction.

Shared the necessity to continue substantial discussion on sectoral approach, with the understanding that it does not replace quantified national target for GHGs emissions reductions.

[Global Actions]

Noted developed countries will take the lead in combating climate change while ensuring the comparability of efforts among them.

Acknowledged developing countries will take measurable, reportable and verifiable actions with support from developed countries.

Shared that adaptation and mitigation are equally important, and technology and finance are necessary ways to achieve them.

Recognized in particular the unique role that the countries at the Gleneagles Dialogue can play in terms of initiatives and cooperation leading to emission reduction.

Noted the importance of carbon market role.

Acknowledged the importance of counter measures for deforestation and forest degradation particularly for developing countries.

[Road to Copenhagen]

Appreciated the fruits of this dialogue (substantial contribution to the agreement on Bali Action Plan) and expected it to become a useful contribution to the discussion in the AWGLCA under the Convention.

Highlighted the value of this dialogue and other such dialogues in contributing to a successful outcome in Copenhagen.

Manajemen Sumber Air Antisipasi Perubahan iklim

Dalam rangka mengamati penanganan sumber air akibat perubahan iklim telah dilaksanakan Special Symposium ”Climate Change and Water”-Towards the 1st Asia-Pacific Water Summit and Beyond- yang diselenggarakan oleh Japan Water Forum di JETRO Headquarters Tokyo, Ark Mori Building 5F, Tokyo.

Kata perubahan iklim dunia untuk masa mendatang tidak tepat. Karena perubahan terjadi secara drastis pada saat tertentu. Perubahan dimaksud merupakan suatu yang jelas dan dapat diukur dengan cepat. Sedangkan perubahan pada iklim tidak seperti dimaksud tersebut, sehingga kata yang paling tepat atau realistis adalah evolusi iklim.

Evolusi iklim dan efek yang ditimbulkannya terhadap air telah diketahui oleh manusia. Manusia telah tahu bagaimana untuk beradaptasi terhadap perubahan ini. Evolusi iklim bukan merupakan penyebab pertama kekurangan air. Manusia telah belajar keadaan alam ini setiap hari sehingga tentunya manusia dapat mengetahui alam ini secara baik.

Kekurangan air diakibatkan oleh pertumbuhan demografis, pertumbuhan populasi penduduk yang alami serta penyebaran penduduk yang tidak merata pada permukaan planet. Pertambahan satu milyar lebih manusia setiap 10 – 12 tahun akan menjadi masalah yang tidak mudah mengambil jalan keluarnya, dan dapat menyebabkan tertundanya pencapaian sasaran pengembangan melinium. Ditambah lagi sebagian besar dari populasi yang banyak ini bertempat tinggal di kota-kota besar dan di daerah pantai, hal ini telah menciptakan wilayah baru yang sulit memperoleh sumber air.

Di kota-kota tersebut ketersediaan air tidak sesuai dengan kebutuhan manusia akibat evolusi ini. Banyak kota-kota besar yang telah atau akan menderita kekurangan air selama abad ini akibat tidak terdapat peraturan mengenai langkah-langkah yang harus diambil untuk menangani masalah genting secara cepat. Pada dewasa ini, strategi yang penting adalah memetakan sumber air dan pertumbuhan penduduk.

Apabila kegiatan manusia tidak memperhatikan mutu air akan menimbulkan masalah kehidupan manusia. Kegiatan utama seperti kegiatan yang dilakukan dalam bidang perindustrian dan pertanian. Kegiatan yang dikhawatirkan adalah kegiatan yang dapat menimbulkan kontaminasi air yang dapat mengancam terpenuhinya kebutuhan air yang berasal dari sumber air alami tanpa perlakuan dan pemurnian. Hal tersebut akan menyebabkan kesulitan mendapatkan air dalam jumlah banyak.

Hal-hal yang perlu dilakukan dalam rangka penghemat air adalah menghentikan pembuangan sampah dalam segala bentuknya. Artinya semua sampah harus didaur ulang untuk diambil manfaat sebanyak-banyaknya. Kita harus melakukan usaha penggunaan air lebih sedikit mungkin dimanapun berada dan untuk kegiatan apapun.

Beberapa tindakan yang perlu dilakukan secara bersama-sama oleh pemerintah, swasta dan masyarakat umum adalah sebagai berikut:

a.Mencegah terjadinya kerusakan kronis tempat sumber air melalui pencegahan polusi air terhadap bahan kimia dan bahan lain yang menimbulkan rusaknya kualitas air sungai dan mata air.

b.Mencegah dan memerangi polusi akibat kecelakaan transportasi, kebakaran, ledakan, kerusakan pipa dan sebagainya.

c.Menjaga dan mengawasi tempat pengolahan sumber air bersih.

d.Memonitor sumber air secara berkala baik mutu maupun jumlah air di setiap sumber air.

e.Mengatur sumber air dengan cara menjaga fasilitas umum, dan mengatur pemenuhan kebutuhan air untuk jangka waktu lama.

f.Menghemat penggunaan air dengan cara mencegah hilangnya air pada saluran air dan memonitor penggunaan air PAM (ledeng).