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INTRODUCTION
Indonesia will
be hosting the 18th Asian
Games Jakarta - Palembang from 18 August
to 2 September 2018. One of the
40 sports featured
at these Asian
Games are equestrian competitions in the three Olympic disciplines of jumping, eventing and dressage. These
disciplines will take
place in Jakarta. In order to facilitate the participation of horses from different parts
of the world, the Directorate General of Livestock and Animal Health Services
(DGLAHS) has established a temporal Equine
Disease Free Zone
(EDFZ) in accordance with OIE Guidelines1, consisting of a disease
free compartment: the venue (Jakarta
Equestrian Park). This venue has been kept free of horses for
over two years. The disease free status of this
compartment
is maintained through
biosecurity measures, particularly (i) the full enclosure of the venue, (ii) a depopulated buffer zone of at least
1 km width surrounding the compartment and (iii) vector
control and horse movement
control measures.
The DGLAHS
wishes to make
a self-declaration of freedom of the following diseases in this
compartment: equine infectious anaemia, glanders, equine influenza, surra, piroplasmosis and Japanese encephalitis.
In 2017 and 2018, surveillance was conducted around
the EDFZ, in the Greater
Jakarta Region. While infectious
anaemia and glanders
were not detected
during this surveillance (see 3.4.2), antibodies for equine influenza, surra, piroplasmosis and Japanese encephalitis were found. The
biosecurity measures applied
to the compartment, the depopulated zone between the compartment and any horse establishment, vector and animal movement
control will mitigate
the risk of possible introduction of surra and Japanese encephalitis, while the
vectors for piroplasmosis were not found
in the venue (see 4.1) Since
the venue has been empty
for more than
2 years, it can be considered a compartment free of equine influenza (TAHC,
12.6.4) and this
status will not be compromised by participating horses,
which need to be
vaccinated.
A biosecure highway passage from
the venue to the International Airports of Jakarta
(Soekarno-Hatta and Halim Perdana Kusuma)
has also been established.
1.1
Objective of the declaration
The objective of this declaration is to inform
the OIE Member
Countries about the equine health
status in and around the venue for the equestrian competitions of the 18th Asian Games Jakarta
- Palembang and to share with OIE Member
Countries information on the establishment of the EDFZ compartment for this
purpose. This is the first
time that a self-declaration of freedom from
different equine diseases is made in Indonesia.
1.2
Equine diseases
This
self-declaration of freedom refers to the following diseases:
- Equine infectious anaemia
according to Chapter
12.2. of the
Terrestrial Animal Health Code (the TAHC)
- Glanders according to Article 12.10.2.
of the TAHC
- Equine influenza according to the TAHC Article 12.6.4.
- Surra – OIE listed disease
- Piroplasmosis according to the TAHC Chapter 12.7.
- Japanese encephalitis according
to the TAHC Chapter 8.10.
It should
also be mentioned that Indonesia never
experienced an outbreak
of African horse
sickness and that during
active sero-surveillance carried
out in July
2017 no antibodies to African horse
sickness virus were detected.
1.3
Recognition of the EDFZ by European
Commission
Indonesia´s EDFZ
is considered in a European
decision related to veterinary certification conditions for the re-entry of registered horses for competition after temporary export2.
1.
ZONING
2.1
Establishment of the EDFZ compartment
The equine
disease free zone
consists of the compartment (the
venue or CORE
zone), which is surrounded
by a 1 km depopulated buffer
zone and the highway corridor to the Jakarta
Airports.
The compartment was established on principles of biosecurity, management and spatial considerations as described in Chapter
4.3 and 4.4 of the TAHC.
The venue, a former race-course, has been free of horses since its refurbishment into an equestrian competition venue which
started in May 2016 (Figure
1). The venue features
the horse stables,
a veterinary clinic,
an isolation unit,
all training and competition areas and all amenities for
the spectators, riders
and other personnel. It is surrounded by a solid
concrete wall of 3,20m
height, elevated to 4,20m for the wall surrounding the stable area
(along the front
part of the stables, see point 21 and 22 in Figure
1. The wall keeps all possible animal
intruders out.
The only
entries are the main gate
for spectators opposite
the main tribune, one gate for entry of horses
(near point 21 – Fig.
1) and one gate for entry of personnel and
supplies (near point
17 – Fig. 1). All gates
are secured, supervised and equipped with
biosecurity devices like
wheel washes and hand wash
facilities. A buffer zone
of 1 km width surrounding the CORE area was cleared
of any livestock, particularly of any
horse as of 15 February
2018. The highway
corridor to the Jakarta Airports was also included
in the EDFZ (Annex 10).
A Biosecurity Manual has been developed by the DGLAHS
which describes a wide range
of activities before the arrival and during the
stay of the horses in the compartment (see Chapter IV).
Control of access to the venue, procedures to clean the installations and stables; to disinfect the isolation stables, the clinic and vehicles; personnel hygiene; removal of manure; rodent
and vector control; action to be taken in case of suspicion of an infectious disease and contingency planning are, amongst
others, described in detail in the Manual.
A full range of declaration forms have been developed to document that the
activities have been carried out. A Biosecurity Manager, on behalf of the
Organizing Committee, accompanied by dedicated staff
of Indonesia Agriculture Quarantine Agency (IAQA)
implement the Biosecurity measures, under the supervision of the Veterinary Services.
2.1
Surveillance and protection zones
around the EDFZ
In order
to establish the
equine disease status
prevailing in the surrounding areas
of the EDFZ,
surveillance was carried out
during the period
July 2017 and March 2018
(see III.4.2). The zone selected for surveillance
covered the administrative region of Greater Jakarta including the Metropolitan areas of Jakarta,
Bogor, Depok, Tangerang and Bekasi cities,
home to approx.
30 million people
and 1370 horses
and covering 6390 km2.
After the end of the 3 serological surveys, for ease of close supervision and mitigation of risk of disease
incursion into the
EDFZ, the Greater
Jakarta area was
separated into a SURVEILLANCE zone
and a PROTECTION zone.
SURVEILANCE ZONE : Covers the 5 Municipalities of Jakarta and falls under the veterinary responsibility of the Food Security,
Marine and Agricultural Services, DKI Jakarta.
A census of equines carried
out in May 2017 revealed that
334 horses live
in this area.
90% are work
horses that draw
carts for transport of people and goods or work in the parks of Jakarta
for pony rides.
The zone covers
about 661 km2 and has a population of 10 million
people. In this
zone, each horse
owner is regularly contacted (by phone
or visit) since 15 February by the DKI Jakarta Veterinary personnel responsible for the different districts where horses are based.
No horses are allowed to move from
this area into
the 1 km buffer zone surrounding the venue. A horse stable
used by different horse owners, about
7 km distance from the venue, was
cleared of horses (see also 3.4.2.1,
and Chapter IV).
PROTECTION ZONE : Covers the Greater Jakarta Area of the Metropolitan areas outside DKI Jakarta,
that is Bogor, Depok, Tangerang and Bekasi cities,
home to approx. 20 Mill people and 1036 horses, according to the June 2017
census, updated during the surveys. The
Protection Zone covers 5729
km2. In this
area passive surveillance has been enhanced since 15 February. Information material has
been distributed to all horse owners indicating that any sign of
disease needs to be reported to the nearest Veterinary station and that no horses are allowed to be moved into DKI
Jakarta. If this is unavoidable, a specifically designed health certificate requiring testing for glanders,
EIA, surra and piroplasmosis needs to be filled.
III. Documented Information
3.1
Evidence
of notifiability
The basis for notifiability of infectious diseases
in Indonesia is Law 18/2009,
more specifically Article
45 “Anyone
(including farmers/ producer, animal keeper, animal health worker, veterinary
officers, government official) that have any knowledge on any infectious disease are required
to report such case
or event to the Government, Regional Government, and/or
Local Authorised Veterinarians” (Annex 1).
3.2
Regulatory System in
Place
The Government of Indonesia, through
the Minister of Agriculture, has established the list of Strategic Infectious Animal
Diseases (PHMS) in accordance with the Decree
of the Minister of Agriculture number 4026 / Kpts / OT.140 / 4/2013. The criteria for a disease
to be categorized as PHMS
are that it can cause economic losses,
public unrest, and / or high animal
mortality. In the decree of the Minister
of Agriculture, 25 diseases
have been defined
as PHMS. Anthrax,
rabies and surra are listed in PHMS as multi-species diseases which also affect
horses.
Realizing that the PHMS did not include other
important horse diseases, the Ministry of Agriculture, in the
context of the establishment of the EDFZ,
has established a decree in 2018 for the list of notifiable equine diseases, as listed
in the OIE TAHC (Decree
of the Minister of Agriculture number
235/Kpts/PK.320/3/2018, Annex 2):
1.
African
Horse Sickness
2.
Contagious
Equine Metritis
3.
Dourine
4.
Equine encephalomyelitis (Eastern and Western)
5.
Equine
Infectious Anemia
6.
Equine Influenza
7.
Equine Piroplasmosis
8.
Equid
Herpesvirus-1 (Equine Rhinopneumonitis)
9.
Equine
Arteritis Virus
10.
Glanders
Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis
11.
Strangles
12.
Japanese Encephalitis
13.
Surra
14.
West
Nile Fever
15.
Vesicular Stomatitis
Out of these diseases, anthrax, surra and piroplasmosis have been reported in the past,
while serological surveys carried out in the framework of
research projects detected antibodies against Japanese Encephalitis in horses, but no clinical
disease.
African horse sickness has never been reported and
vaccination is prohibited.
While law 18/2009 stipulates notifiability of infectious diseases, no specific
surveillance programmes for equine diseases are being carried out
in Indonesia, reporting is based on passive surveillance reports, disease investigation and research studies. Disease investigations are carried out by the respective District Veterinary
office and samples
are taken to the nearest
Disease Investigation Centre.
In case that
more specific testing is required the Research Centre
at Bbalitvet or the Bogor Agricultural University get involved. In case of suspicion of disease or confirmation, the report is entered into the ISIKHNAS
system (see below) on a mobile
app.
3.3
Population
of equidae
In the
year 2013 Indonesia has conducted a livestock census,
which included equidae. During the national census, no differentiation between different species
was made, e,g, between horses
and donkeys. However, on Java Island
where the equestrian competitions of the Asian Games
2018 will be held and where the EDFZ has been set up, there
are no donkeys, mules or hinnies, just
work horses and
sport horses of different use (racing, equestrian, polo). There are no feral
equidae in Indonesia. There are 48 zoos and conservation parks in Indonesia in which other
equidae are kept.
These animals were imported into Indonesia long time ago from other
zoos in AHS free countries.
The equine
population numbers for the years
2014 to 2017
are based on National Statistics Bureau figures and are given at Provincial level
as shown in Annex 3. The total
number across all
Provinces estimated for 2017 is 442.602.
The total number
in DKI Jakarta
is 334, while
the number in Greater Jakarta
was not known.
For the purpose of establishing the EDFZ, a specific census
for horses only was carried
out in June 2017. The total
number of horses
in Greater Jakarta
Region (Jakarta, Bogor,
Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi cities and regencies) was then 1157. The population in Greater Jakarta
Region was the targeted population to establish the equine
health status. This
population is composed
of mainly work horses, few riding horses, police horses and polo horses,
the distribution is shown in Figure 3. It is noteworthy that
only horses live on
Java Island, no donkeys or feral equidae.
3.1
Establishing the
equine health status in Greater Jakarta
3.1.1
Animal identification
During the census all details of the owner (name, ID, Tel, location) and the horses (age, sex, name, color and silhouette) were
recorded. This information was transferred to the epidemiological database in the Veterinary
Services in the Ministry of Agriculture, the ISIKHNAS (Integrated Animal Health
Information System). In the database the owner was allocated a unique identifier number and each registered animal is linked to a specific owner.
A unique animal
ID for the individual animal
is also generated by the system.
The horse
identification was improved
by adding a description of the markings, e.g. brands, scars,
cut ears etc to the silhouette. Owner’s cards were developed which contain this information and they were issued
to the owners in November 2017.
During the surveys
the census figures
were verified and
an increase in numbers of horses to 1370 was noted.
3.1.2
Surveillance
3.1.2.1
Surveillance
in horses
Three surveys
were carried out during the period July 2017 and March 2018 and samples
were collected following a sampling frame
set out to estimate prevalence for selected diseases (EIA, surra, piroplasmosis, Equine influenza and
glanders) and proof
of absence of African horse
sickness in the surveillance and protection zones. Given the international level
of the equestrian competition and
the strict biosecurity measures that will be put in place and will not permit horses
to be in direct contact
and to breed, no breeding diseases (CEM,
dourine, EVA) were included in the survey.
The sampling frame is provided
in Annex 4.
Additionally, in order to gain a better picture
of the equine health status,
some samples were also tested for diseases
that are reported
for the Southeast Asian region,
such as Japanese
encephalitis, West Nile fever, equine herpes virus
and for strangles (non-notifiable, but considered an “event killer”) during the first and second survey.
Samples were randomly
taken during each survey, but
trying to avoid
taking always the same
animals.
The samples were analysed
by the Disease
Investigation Centre BV Subang and the Veterinary Research Laboratory Bblitvet in Bogor. Since testing for horse diseases
is not done frequently in these laboratories (tests for import and exports are carried out by the Indonesian Quarantine Agency laboratory), most tests
had to be ordered
and did not always arrive
in time or right quantity. This led to some differences between sampling frame numbers
and actual numbers
of samples tested
as shown in Annexes 5.1
– 5.3.
For the first survey a total
of 631 samples were taken.
This was more
than required by the sampling frame and samples were
stored in case
of interesting findings that would need
to be followed up with
a larger sample size. 428 of those were tested for the following diseases according to availability of test kits (number of samples per disease given
in brackets): African
horse sickness (184),
piroplasmosis (410 – B.c.;
428 - T.e.), surra (181),
glanders (422), equine
influenza (225). Depending on test kits
availability some of the
total samples were also tested
for West Nile Fever, Japanese
Encephalitis, equine herpes
virus and strangles. Samples
were collected in July and results became
available in November 2017. Positive results were obtained for piroplasmosis (Babesia caballi 75/410;
Theileria equi 227/428), surra (6/181) and equine
influenza (7 /225). Detailed results
are shown in Annex 5.1. Disease control
measures to prevent
entry of these vector
borne diseases into
the core zone are described in Chapter IV.
For comparative analysis, 600 aliquots
of samples were sent to OIE Reference
Laboratories for glanders (FLI, Germany) and 225 aliquots
for equine influenza
(Ireland).
From the 600 samples sent to FLI Germany for
glanders testing, 11 samples were identified positive/suspicious in CFT and
were tested with Immunoblot for confirmation. 1 out of the 11 samples
reacted positive in Immunoblot. The result was communicated to the Veterinary Services in Jakarta
and the horse was traced. The positive horse (Raja) and all in-contact horses were retested
on 19 December 2017. Raja and
one other horse
(Belang) were positive
on CFT, all other in-contact horses were negative.
A movement ban was issued for the premises of the horse owner.
A 2nd retest
on 16 January 2018 of all in-contact horses showed all horses negative except for Raja.
A decision was taken on 2nd February
to sacrifice Raja and the suspicious horse (Belang) and both horses were taken to the Veterinary Research
laboratory in Bogor
where they were
humanly euthanised and a
post mortem was carried out on 6 February 2018.
The post mortem
did not reveal
any signs of disease
specific for glanders. Organ and tissue
samples were taken
and bacteriological investigation revealed no presence
of Burkholderia mallei.
The notification
made to the OIE on 23 January 2018 was withdrawn mid-March because the full
epidemiological investigation that
had been carried
out could not
confirm the presence of glanders.
From the 225 samples sent
to the Irish Equine Centre
for equine influenza testing, 7 samples
from work horses without
EI vaccination history
were identified sero-positive (titer >8) in the Haemagglutination- Inhibition test. This finding indicates exposure to equine
influenza virus by natural infection
at some time.
This was considered an important finding
as Indonesia claimed
to be free of equine influenza and did not allow vaccination. Subsequently to this finding
a new Regulation No 357 under Law No 18 (2009) was issued and equine influenza included into the
list of diseases for which vaccines can be imported and horses can be vaccinated should
this be required
(for sport horses
mainly).
For the second
survey a total of 616 samples were collected. Those included also samples from investigations carried
out by other regions on Java Island
that had received passive surveillance reports
of suspected equine diseases. Samples were tested
for the following diseases (number of tested samples
in brackets): piroplasmosis (540
– B.c.; 428 – T.e.),
surra (408), equine
influenza (606), glanders
(472), Japanese encephalitis (419), West
Nile fever (419),
equine infectious anaemia
(304) and strangles (489). Samples were taken
during 20.11. and
8.12.2017 and results
became available in February 2018.
Results are presented in Annex 5.2.
and and maps
in Annex 6. These maps
give a good overview of serological
findings and show that there
was a “hotspot” of horses
that showed antibodies to several diseases. This place (Jatinengara), only 7 km away from the venue,
was home to 49 cart horses belonging to 26 different owners operating their businesses from the same place. Owners
were convinced by the Veterinary Services DKI Jakarta to remove their
horses by beginning of May 2018 until after
the Games to outside the Protection Zone. Note that the population data were monitored during the survey
and an increase in number of horses from
1157 to 1370 was recorded in the ISIKHNAS
data base.
During 2016 the Veterinary Services had received
reports on suspicious cases of Japanese
encephalitis, Equine rhinopneumonitis (EHV)
and strangles (horse
distemper) from other
districts in Java
island. These reports were traced back to their location and the respective District Veterinary Offices
in charge carried out an investigation and, if possible, collected blood samples
for testing for these diseases
at the nearest Disease Investigation Centre
(DIC). During the time of the 2nd survey result presentation these reports were also presented to DGLAHS.
Table 1 shows
these investigations, strangles results have been
integrated in Annex 5.2 which
provides the detailed
results.
Table
1. Investigations on suspected cases of horse diseases, Indonesia, 2016
|
DIC |
Report in 2016 |
Investigation |
Method |
Test results |
|
Denpasar |
Surra; strangles |
Samples taken in August 17 |
300 serum samples
from local horses |
52 positive for strangles; Neg for
surra in blood
smear, serology still awaited |
|
Wates |
EHV |
Samples taken in October 17 |
21 serum samples around the reported
location |
14 positive for EHV; |
|
Maros |
Strangles |
3 Farmers in
the location of the report were visited |
No samples taken as horses were no
longer available |
inconclusive |
For the third survey 446 samples
were collected. Samples
were collected on 23 January
to 9 February 2018 and results
became available in March 2018.
Samples were tested for the following diseases
(number of tested samples in brackets): equine influenza
(367), glanders (404), surra (431), EIA (415) and piroplasmosis (435 – B.c; 446
– T.e.). Out of the 404 glanders samples, 5 sport and
6 workhorses showed a suspicious result in CFT. Learning
from the experience during the 1st survey, a movement
ban for the two
locations of the horses was effected, the horses were isolated within
the premises and were retested
two times in intervals of 4 weeks
and all became
negative on the 1st or 2nd resampling (Annex 8). No clinical
signs of disease were noted
in all 11 horses during
any of the three visits
(See Annex 5.3.).
The results
of the three
surveys are given
in Annex 5. Positive serological findings for piroplasmosis, equine influenza, West Nile
fever, equine herpes
virus, Japanese encephalitis, strangles and surra
from these three surveys were communicated to the Veterinary Officers in the
respective districts for follow-up. Horse owners were contacted and inquiries were
made on possible
signs of disease
related to the serological
results.
As most of those diseases had not been
reported to the OIE in 6-monthly reports
prior to these
surveys, the OIE was also informed and requested to change the status, where appropriate, from “never reported” to “infection/infestation limited
to one or more zones”.
During
the three survey periods no clinical case for any of the serological findings
was found.
The visits
by the respective Veterinary Authority for the purpose
of these disease
surveys were entered into the Owner’s card and into ISIKHNAS.
3.3.1.1 Vector surveillance
The presence of competent vectors for equine
and zoonotic diseases
such as surra,
Japanese encephalitis, West Nile
fever, anasplasmosis, babesiosis and theileriosis in Indonesia, has
been described in literature.
In order to assess their presence at the venue, the Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology of the Veterinary Faculty, Bogor Agricultural University, carried out a vector survey
in October 2017
which included also some of the locations of work horses
in DKI Jakarta. Another longitudinal study was carried out during January
to April 2018 with catching
operations twice monthly.
Some literature references and the findings of the 2 surveys are
summarized in Annex
7. The key findings
revealed that there
were no ticks
and no bats present on the venue during both surveys. Flies,
mosquitos and biting
insects were found
mainly in areas
at the time
occupied by workers
and in stagnant water and flower pots. Few insects
were found in the (empty)
stable area.
As first measure
the stagnant water
sources were cleaned
and dried. When
construction work ended beginning of May and most workers
had left and
their canteen was
closed, those facilities were thoroughly cleaned and disinfected so that they were no longer an attraction of insects.
Based on the findings
of the survey a vector
control programme was elaborated, using
insecticides known to be effective against
the identified insects
and that are registered in Indonesia. The control programme also includes a rodent control
programme and regular
inspection of the stable areas
for bats.
IV. MEASURES TO MAINTAIN FREEDOM IN THE EDFZ COMPARTMENT AND QUARANTINE
During the period of validity of this self-declaration, strict movement control
is being imposed
for the period 15 February
2018 to after the Games.
By Directive of the Director, Veterinary Service DKI Jakarta,
to all Veterinary Officers in the 5 districts of Jakarta, a sensibilisation campaign
with the horse
owners (now all registered with ISIKHNAS) was carried out to inform
them that no new horses
should be brought
into the Surveillance Zone during
this period. If unavoidable, those horses should
be tested for glanders, EIA, surra and piroplasmosis. Spot
visits and contact
by phone with horse owners
are being carried
out to check on numbers and identity
of horses.
Additional Certificates for the purpose
to (i) enter the Surveillance zone from Indonesian territory; (ii) to move from
the Registered Animal
Quarantine Facility (RAQI)
to the Core zone; (iii)
to move from
the RAQI or the
Core zone to the Equine
hospital; have been developed and put in place.
A 1 km zone around
the venue was cleared of all horses
and other livestock during the same
period to create a buffer zone around the animal-free compartment.
A Biosecurity Manual was developed which
details all measures
to be taken from the moment of arrival of the horses to their departure at the different places where horses
will be held,
including the RAQI,
the Veterinary Clinic at the venue,
the Equine Hospital at the Bogor
Agricultural University and the Isolation Unit at the venue.
4.1
Vector control
In view of the fact
that several of the diseases for which freedom
is declared are vector borne
diseases (EIA, surra, Japanese encephalitis, piroplasmosis), a vector
control programme has
been put in place.
Ultra-low volume
(ULV) fogging equipment has been purchased to treat large
open space areas
with insecticide applied as fogging of tiny droplets which are nearly
imperceptible and remain
in the air until they
evaporate. Synthetic pyrethroids registered formulations (Alpha-Cypermethrin,
Permetrin, Deltametrin) will be used. The areas that will be treated are as follows:
-
Main tribune
area: 2 days
before arrival of the horses
and thereafter every
6 days during times of no spectators
-
Office and meeting rooms’
area: 2 days before arrival
of horses. Thereafter “One push” applicator installed in each room, to be used once a day
-
Stable area:
1 day before arrival of horses, thereafter every 6 days
around the stable
area. In washbays “Vape
One Push” insecticide will be used
once a day
in the morning.
-
Clinic and
Isolation stables: 1 day before
arrival of horses,
thereafter every 6 days around
the buildings
In addition,
there are UV electric light traps installed in stables, clinic and isolation
stables.
Mosquito larvicides such as Temephos 1% (organophospate) will
be used to treat the open waterbodies in the cross-country area
to reduce possible breeding sites of mosquitos. Horse
fly traps will
also be installed around the
stable area and in the large open spaces of the cross
country area.
Other mitigating measures are the use of fans installed in each individual stable. The construction of the roof and
the open frame
building plan of the stables
also allows for air to circulate freely
and to create airflow. Proper
cleaning of the horse boxes
and common areas
such as washbays
and alleys between
rows of horse stables
will be strictly applied.
Rodent control
will be applied
in selected areas
which were identified by the team
that carried out
the vector surveillance. A map with locations where
rodent traps will
be located 4 weeks before
the arrival of the
horses, has been produced and traps will be regularly controlled.
In addition, the Public Health
Services of DKI Jakarta Province in collaboration with
Centre for Environment Health of Jakarta will reinforce their routine insect
control programme in the neighboring residential area by spraying
insecticides regularly and attending to stagnant water pools.
4.2
Quarantine Provision
For horses entering Jakarta
and requiring a post-arrival quarantine according to the “Veterinary Certificate for the Temporary Importation of horses into
Indonesia to compete
in the equestrian events of the 18th Asian Games”, a RAQI has
been set up at a private equestrian club (Arthayasa), situated in the Protection Zone, about 42 km from the venue. The quarantine area is a completely separate
section of the property,
separated from the main equestrian centre by a road and a small
river. Separate units
of temporary stable blocks as well as isolation stables
and all biosecurity installations have been
set up, ready
to receive horses from different nations. A masterplan of the installations is shown in Annex 9.
V. CONTIGENCY PLANS
Should clinical signs of an infectious or contagious disease
be observed during the quarantine period or during the period of the event,
the following precautions have been developed.
5.1.
At the RAQI
If a horse develops a fever or any other clinical signs
suggestive of an infectious or contagious disease,
it will be put under intense
supervision in the isolation stables
and if deemed necessary, blood
and/or other biological samples
will be taken.
Samples will be examined at the designated Quarantine Agency laboratory and, if deemed necessary, also sent to the Research
Laboratory in Bogor for further
evaluation and confirmation of the clinical
signs.
If a horse
develops an injury
or a colic which cannot
be treated on-site,
it will be transferred to the Equine hospital at the Veterinary Faculty of the Bogor Agricultural University which is equipped to deal with any
necessary surgical intervention.
5.2.
At the venue
If a horse develops a fever or any other
clinical signs suggestive of an infectious or contagious disease,
it will be transferred to the isolation
unit on-site and put under intensive supervision. If deemed necessary, blood and/or
other biological samples
will be taken
and examined at the clinic
on-site and, if deemed
necessary, samples will be sent to the designated laboratories for further evaluation and confirmation of the clinical signs.
If a horse
has a minor injury, it will be transferred to the clinic
on-site at the venue for treatment. If the
injury is major or the horse needs colic surgery, it will be transferred to the
Equine hospital at the Veterinary Faculty of the Bogor Agricultural University.
Two horse ambulances are available in case transfers from either the Quarantine Station
or the venue to the Equine
Hospital are required.
In the
event of an injury in the arena,
screens are available to block the
injured horse from
sight by the spectators. The horse will then be transported in the ambulance to the on-site
clinic for inspection, treatment and if the injury is fatal, to be humanely
euthanized.
VI. CONCLUSION
The Delegate of Indonesia self-declares, for the period 15 February to 30 September 2018, an EDFZ consisting of a disease free
compartment, the venue
(Jakarta Equestrian Park).
This venue has been kept free of horses for over two years. The disease free status of this compartment is managed through biosecurity measures, particularly (i) the full enclosure of the venue,
(ii) a depopulated buffer zone of at
least 1 km width surrounding the compartment and (iii) vector
control and horse movement control measures.
The DGLAHS wishes to make a self-declaration of freedom of the following diseases in this
compartment: equine infectious anaemia, glanders, equine influenza, surra,
piroplasmosis and Japanese
encephalitis. The self-declaration also clearly
defines the mitigating biosecurity and management measures put in place to maintain
this freedom.
The Delegate
declares that the requirements of the Terrestrial Code have been met, including the principles of biosecurity, management and spatial considerations as described in Chapter 4.3 and 4.4 of
the TAHC.
For more
information, please contact the Delegate of Indonesia, Dr I Ketut DIARMITA.
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